Note 3. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance to U.S. GAAP and the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of SCWorx and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Reverse Stock Split

On February 1, 2019, the Company effected a 1-for-19 reverse stock split with respect to the outstanding shares of its common stock. The reverse stock split was deemed effective on February 4, 2019. The reverse stock split did not affect the total number of shares of common stock that the Company is authorized to issue, which is 45,000,000 shares. The reverse stock split also did not affect the total number of shares of Series A preferred stock that the Company is authorized to issue, which is 900,000 shares. Share and per share data have been adjusted for all periods presented to reflect the reverse stock split unless otherwise noted.

Reclassifications

A reclassification has been made to the consolidated balance sheet and consolidated statement of changes in stockholders’ equity/(deficit) to break out the total Series A Convertible Preferred Stock par value of $819 and additional paid in capital of $7,980,126. Previously, for the quarter ended March 31, 2019, the entire balance was disclosed as Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. This change in classification does not affect the previously reported total stockholders’ equity balance. In addition, the authorized common stock has been restated to reflect the correct amount of 45,000,000 authorized shares of common stock.

In addition, certain prior period amounts have been reclassified for consistency with the current period presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on reported results of operations or cash flows.

Cash

Cash is maintained with various financial institutions. Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash deposits. Accounts at each institution are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) up to $250,000. There were no amounts in excess of the FDIC insured limit for both the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Management applies fair value accounting for significant financial assets and liabilities and non-financial assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the consolidated financial statements on a recurring basis. Management defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities, which are required to be recorded at fair value, management considers the principal or most advantageous market in which we would transact and the market-based risk measurements or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, such as risks inherent in valuation techniques, transfer restrictions and credit risk. Fair value is estimated by applying the following hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value into three levels and bases the categorization within the hierarchy upon the lowest level of input that is available and significant to the fair value measurement: Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 - Observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 - Inputs that are generally unobservable and typically reflect management’s estimate of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.

Concentration of Credit and Other Risks

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash, accounts receivable, due from shareholder, convertible notes receivable and warrants. The Company believes that any concentration of credit risk in its accounts receivable is substantially mitigated by the Company’s evaluation process, relatively short collection terms and the high level of credit worthiness of its customers. The Company performs ongoing internal credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition, obtains deposits and limits the amount of credit extended when deemed necessary but generally requires no collateral. The Company believes that any concentration of credit risk in its due from shareholder and convertible notes receivable was substantially mitigated by the shareholder’s material interest in the Company, ability to sell off portions of the interest, if necessary, and the closing of the acquisition of SCWorx by Alliance and conversion of the notes payable - related party into shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and the settlement of the due from stockholder balance with the surrender of 1,401 SCWorx shares of common stock in January 2019.

For the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company had two customers representing 19% and 10% of aggregate revenues. For the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company had three customers representing 20%, 16% and 12% of aggregate revenues. At December 31, 2019, the Company had four customers representing 17%, 14%, 10% and 10% of aggregate accounts receivable. At December 31, 2018, the Company had three customers representing 39%, 21% and 13% of aggregate accounts receivable.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

The Company continually monitors customer payments and maintains a reserve for estimated losses resulting from its customers’ inability to make required payments. In determining the reserve, the Company evaluates the collectability of its accounts receivable based upon a variety of factors. In cases where the Company becomes aware of circumstances that may impair a specific customer’s ability to meet its financial obligations, the Company records a specific allowance against amounts due. For all other customers, the Company recognizes allowances for doubtful accounts based on its historical write-off experience in conjunction with the length of time the receivables are past due, customer creditworthiness, geographic risk and the current business environment. Actual future losses from uncollectible accounts may differ from the Company’s estimates. The Company recorded an allowance for doubtful accounts as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 of $344,412 and $0, respectively.

Leases

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. The current portion of lease obligations are included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. Right-of-use (“ROU”) assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The Company’s lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease, which are included in the lease ROU asset when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company has lease agreements with lease components only, none with non-lease components, which are generally accounted for separately (refer to Note 8, Leases, for additional detail).

Business Combinations

The Company includes the results of operations of a business it acquires in its consolidated results as of the date of acquisition. The Company allocates the fair value of the purchase consideration of its acquisition to the tangible assets, liabilities and intangible assets acquired, based on their estimated fair values. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the fair values of these identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. The primary items that generate goodwill include the value of the synergies between the acquired businesses and the Company. Intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives. The fair value of contingent consideration (earn out) associated with acquisitions is remeasured each reporting period and adjusted accordingly. Acquisition and integration related costs are recognized separately from the business combination and are expensed as incurred. For additional information regarding the Company’s acquisitions, refer to Note 5, Business Combinations.

Goodwill and Purchased Identified Intangible Assets

Goodwill

Goodwill is recorded as the difference, if any, between the aggregate consideration paid for an acquisition and the fair value of the net tangible and identified intangible assets acquired under a business combination. Goodwill also includes acquired assembled workforce, which does not qualify as an identifiable intangible asset. The Company reviews impairment of goodwill annually in the third quarter, or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that the goodwill might be impaired. The Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test. If, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, the Company determines that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then the quantitative goodwill impairment test is unnecessary.

Identified intangible assets

Identified finite-lived intangible assets consist of ticketing software and promoter relationships resulting from the February 1, 2019 business combination. The Company’s identified intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, ranging from 5 to 7 years. The Company makes judgments about the recoverability of finite-lived intangible assets whenever facts and circumstances indicate that the useful life is shorter than originally estimated or that the carrying amount of assets may not be recoverable. If such facts and circumstances exist, the Company assesses recoverability by comparing the projected undiscounted net cash flows associated with the related asset or group of assets over their remaining lives against their respective carrying amounts. Impairments, if any, are based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of those assets. If the useful life is shorter than originally estimated, the Company would accelerate the rate of amortization and amortize the remaining carrying value over the new shorter useful life.

For further discussion of goodwill and identified intangible assets, refer to Note 5, Business Combinations.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the related assets’ estimated useful lives. Equipment, furniture and fixtures are being amortized over a period of three years.

Expenditures that materially increase asset life are capitalized, while ordinary maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred.

Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 was $6,453 and $0, respectively.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with Topic 606 to depict the transfer of promised goods or services in an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements within the scope of Topic 606 the Company performs the following steps:

The Company follows the accounting revenue guidance under Topic 606 to determine whether contracts contain more than one performance obligation. Performance obligations are the unit of accounting for revenue recognition and generally represent the distinct goods or services that are promised to the customer.

The Company has identified the following performance obligations in its contracts with customers:

A contract will typically include Data Normalization, SaaS and Maintenance, which are distinct performance obligations and are accounted for separately. The transaction price is allocated to each separate performance obligation on a relative stand-alone selling price basis. Significant judgement is required to determine the stand-alone selling price for each distinct performance obligation and is typically estimated based on observable transactions when these services are sold on a stand-alone basis. At contract inception, an assessment of the goods and services promised in the contracts with customers is performed and a performance obligation is identified for each distinct promise to transfer to the customer a good or service (or bundle of goods or services). To identify the performance obligations, the Company considers all the goods or services promised in the contract regardless of whether they are explicitly stated or are implied by customary business practices. Revenue is recognized when the performance obligation has been met. The Company considers control to have transferred upon delivery because the Company has a present right to payment at that time, the Company has transferred use of the good or service, and the customer is able to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all the remaining benefits from, the good or service. 

The Company’s SaaS and Maintenance contracts typically have termination for convenience without penalty clauses and accordingly, are generally accounted for as month-to-month agreements. If it is determined that the Company has not satisfied a performance obligation, revenue recognition will be deferred until the performance obligation is deemed to be satisfied.

Revenue recognition for the Company’s performance obligations are as follows:

Data Normalization and Professional Services

The Company’s Data Normalization and Professional Services are typically fixed fee. When these services are not combined with SaaS or Maintenance revenues as a single unit of accounting, these revenues are recognized as the services are rendered and when contractual milestones are achieved and accepted by the customer.

SaaS and Maintenance

SaaS and Maintenance revenues are recognized ratably over the contract terms beginning on the commencement date of each contract, which is the date on which the Company’s service is made available to customers. 

The Company does have some contracts that have payment terms that differ from the timing of revenue recognition, which requires the Company to assess whether the transaction price for those contracts include a significant financing component. The Company has elected the practical expedient that permits an entity to not adjust for the effects of a significant financing component if it expects that at the contract inception, the period between when the entity transfers a promised good or service to a customer and when the customer pays for that good or service will be one year or less. The Company does not maintain contracts in which the period between when the entity transfers a promised good or service to a customer and when the customer pays for that good or service exceeds the one-year threshold.

In periods prior to the adoption of ASC 606, the Company recognized revenues when persuasive evidence of an arrangement existed, delivery had occurred, the sales price was fixed or determinable, and the collectability of the resulting receivable was reasonably assured. The adoption of Topic 606 did not result in a cumulative effect adjustment to the Company’s opening retained earnings since there was no significant impact upon adoption of Topic 606. There was also no material impact to revenues, or any other financial statement line items for the year ended December 31, 2018 as a result of applying ASC 606.

The Company has one revenue stream, from the SaaS business, and believes it has presented all varying factors that affect the nature, timing and uncertainty of revenues and cash flows.

As of December 31, 2019, the Company had $1,056,637 of remaining performance obligations recorded as contract liabilities. The Company expects to recognize sales relating to these existing performance obligations of $1,056,637 during the remainder of 2020.

There were no revenues that were recognized from performance obligations that were partially satisfied prior to January 1, 2018.

Costs to Fulfill a Contract

Costs to fulfill a contract typically include costs related to satisfying performance obligations as well as general and administrative costs that are not explicitly chargeable to customer contracts. These expenses are recognized and expensed when incurred in accordance with ASC 340-40.

Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenues primarily represent data center hosting costs, consulting services and maintenance of the Company’s large data array that were incurred in delivering professional services and maintenance of the Company’s large data array during the periods presented.

Contract Balances

Contract assets arise when the revenue associated prior to the Company’s unconditional right to receive a payment under a contract with a customer (i.e., unbilled revenue) and are derecognized when either it becomes a receivable or the cash is received. There were no contract assets as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 and January 1, 2018.

Contract liabilities arise when customers remit contractual cash payments in advance of the Company satisfying its performance obligations under the contract and are derecognized when the revenue associated with the contract is recognized when the performance obligation is satisfied. Contract liabilities were $1,056,637 and $816,714 as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $946,539 as of January 1, 2018. Revenue recognized in 2018 included the $946,539 of contract liabilities outstanding as of January 1, 2018 and revenues in 2019 included $816,714 of contract liabilities outstanding as of December 31, 2018.

Income Taxes

The Company converted to a corporation from a limited liability company during 2018.

The Company uses the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes in accordance with Accounting Standard Codification (“ASC”) Topic 740, “Income Taxes.” Under this method, income tax expense is recognized for the amount of: (i) taxes payable or refundable for the current year and (ii) deferred tax consequences of temporary differences resulting from matters that have been recognized in an entity’s financial statements or tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the results of operations in the period that includes the enactment date.

Valuation allowances are provided if, based upon the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. As of December 31, 2019, the Company has evaluated available evidence and concluded that the Company may not realize all the benefits of its deferred tax assets; therefore, a valuation allowance has been established for its deferred tax assets.

ASC Topic 740-10-30 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. ASC Topic 740-10-40 provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition. The Company has no material uncertain tax positions for any of the reporting periods presented.

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, (the “Tax Act”) was enacted. The Tax Act significantly revised the U.S. corporate income tax regime by, including but not limited to, lowering the U.S. corporate income tax rate from 34% to 21% effective January 1, 2018, implementing a territorial tax system, imposing a one-time transition tax on previously untaxed accumulated earnings and profits of foreign subsidiaries, and creating new taxes on foreign sourced earnings. The Company completed the accounting for tax effects of the Tax Act under ASC 740. There were no impacts to the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation expense in accordance with the authoritative guidance on share-based payments. Under the provisions of the guidance, stock-based compensation expense is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the option or warrant using a Black-Scholes option pricing model and is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period.

The authoritative guidance also requires that the Company measures and recognizes stock-based compensation expense upon modification of the term of stock award. The stock-based compensation expense for such modification is accounted for as a repurchase of the original award and the issuance of a new award.

Calculating stock-based compensation expense requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the expected term of the stock-based awards, stock price volatility, and the pre-vesting option forfeiture rate. The Company estimates the expected life of options granted based on historical exercise patterns, which are believed to be representative of future behavior. The Company estimates the volatility of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant based on historical volatility. The assumptions used in calculating the fair value of stock-based awards represent the Company’s best estimates, but these estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management’s judgment. As a result, if factors change and the Company uses different assumptions, its stock-based compensation expense could be materially different in the future. In addition, the Company is required to estimate the expected forfeiture rate and only recognize expense for those shares expected to vest. The Company estimates the forfeiture rate based on historical experience of its stock-based awards that are granted, exercised and cancelled. If the actual forfeiture rate is materially different from the estimate, stock-based compensation expense could be significantly different from what was recorded in the current period. The Company also grants performance based restricted stock awards to employees and consultants. These awards will vest if certain employee\consultant-specific or company-designated performance targets are achieved. If minimum performance thresholds are achieved, each award will convert into a designated number of the Company’s common stock. If minimum performance thresholds are not achieved, then no shares will be issued. Based upon the expected levels of achievement, stock-based compensation is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The expected levels of achievement are reassessed over the requisite service periods and, to the extent that the expected levels of achievement change, stock-based compensation is adjusted in the period of change and recorded on the statements of operations and the remaining unrecognized stock-based compensation is recorded over the remaining requisite service period. Refer to Note 10, Stockholders’ Equity, for additional detail.

Loss Per Share

The Company computes earnings (loss) per share in accordance with ASC 260, “Earnings per Share” which requires presentation of both basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share (“EPS”) on the face of the income statement. Basic EPS is computed by dividing the loss available to common shareholders (numerator) by the weighted average number of shares outstanding (denominator) during the period. Diluted EPS gives effect to all dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period using the treasury stock method and convertible preferred stock using the if-converted method. In computing diluted EPS, the average stock price for the period is used in determining the number of shares assumed to be purchased from the exercise of stock options or warrants. Diluted EPS excludes all dilutive potential shares if their effect is anti-dilutive. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company had 1,650,511 and 371,848, respectively, common stock equivalents outstanding.

Indemnification

The Company provides indemnification of varying scope to certain customers against claims of intellectual property infringement made by third parties arising from the use of the Company’s software. In accordance with authoritative guidance for accounting for guarantees, the Company evaluates estimated losses for such indemnification. The Company considers such factors as the degree of probability of an unfavorable outcome and the ability to make a reasonable estimate of the amount of loss. To date, no such claims have been filed against the Company and no liability has been recorded in its financial statements.

As permitted under Delaware law, the Company has agreements whereby it indemnifies its officers and directors for certain events or occurrences while the officer or director is, or was, serving at the Company’s request in such capacity. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these indemnification agreements is unlimited. In addition, the Company has directors’ and officers’ liability insurance coverage that is intended to reduce its financial exposure and may enable it to recover any payments above the applicable policy retention, should they occur.

Contingencies

The Company records a liability when the Company believes that it is both probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. If the Company determines that a loss is reasonably possible, and the loss or range of loss can be estimated, the Company discloses the possible loss in the notes to the consolidated financial statements. The Company reviews the developments in its contingencies that could affect the amount of the provisions that has been previously recorded, and the matters and related possible losses disclosed. The Company adjusts provisions and changes to its disclosures accordingly to reflect the impact of negotiations, settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel, and updated information. Significant judgment is required to determine both the probability and the estimated amount.

Legal costs associated with loss contingencies are accrued based upon legal expenses incurred by the end of the reporting period.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and disclosed in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. The Company regularly evaluates estimates and assumptions related to the allowance for doubtful accounts, the estimated useful lives and recoverability of long-lived assets, equity component of convertible debt, stock-based compensation, and deferred income tax asset valuation allowances. The Company bases its estimates and assumptions on current facts, historical experience and various other factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the accrual of costs and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. The actual results experienced by the Company may differ materially and adversely from the Company’s estimates. To the extent there are material differences between the estimates and the actual results, future results of operations will be affected. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”). ASU 2016-02 requires a lessee to record a right-of-use asset and a corresponding lease liability, initially measured at the present value of the lease payments, on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months, as well as the disclosure of key information about leasing arrangements. Disclosures are required to provide the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. A modified retrospective transition approach is provided for lessees of capital and operating leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements, with certain practical expedients available. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842) Targeted Improvements (“ASU 2018-11”). ASU 2018-11 allows all entities adopting ASU 2016-02 to choose an additional (and optional) transition method of adoption, under which an entity initially applies the new leases standard at the adoption date and recognizes a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. ASU 2018-11 also allows lessors to not separate non-lease components from the associated lease component if certain conditions are met. The Company adopted the provisions of ASU 2016-02 and ASU 2018-11 in the quarter beginning January 1, 2019. The adoption resulted in the recognition of additional disclosures and a right of use asset of approximately $53,000 included as a component of prepaid expenses and other assets and a lease liability of approximately $53,000, which is included as a component of accounts payable and accrued liabilities.

In October 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-17, Consolidation (Topic 810): Targeted Improvements to Related Party Guidance for Variable Interest Entities (“ASU 2018-17”). ASU 2018-17 provides that indirect interests held through related parties in common control arrangements should be considered on a proportional basis for determining whether fees paid to decision makers and service providers are variable interests. ASU 2018-17 is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted this new standard in the first quarter of fiscal 2020 and the adoption of the standard did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (“ASU 2018-13”), which modifies the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements. ASU 2018-13 is effective in the first quarter of fiscal 2020, and earlier adoption is permitted. The Company adopted this new standard in the first quarter of fiscal 2020 and the adoption of the standard did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (“ASU 2017-04”), which eliminates step two from the goodwill impairment test. Under ASU 2017-04, an entity should recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value up to the amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The Company adopted this new standard in the first quarter of fiscal 2020 and the adoption of the standard did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-07, Stock-based Compensation: Improvements to Nonemployee Share-based Payment Accounting, which amends the existing accounting standards for share-based payments to nonemployees. This ASU aligns much of the guidance on measuring and classifying nonemployee awards with that of awards to employees. Under the new guidance, the measurement of nonemployee equity awards is fixed on the grant date. The effective date for the standard is for interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted, but no earlier than the Company’s adoption date of Topic 606. The new guidance is required to be applied retrospectively with the cumulative effect recognized at the date of initial application. The Company adopted this new standard in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 and the adoption of the standard did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13 (“ASU 2016-13”) “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses” (“ASC 326”): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” which requires the measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held at amortized cost. ASU 2016-13 replaces the existing incurred loss impairment model with an expected loss model which requires the use of forward-looking information to calculate credit loss estimates. It also eliminates the concept of other-than-temporary impairment and requires credit losses related to available-for-sale debt securities to be recorded through an allowance for credit losses rather than as a reduction in the amortized cost basis of the securities. These changes will result in earlier recognition of credit losses. In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-10 “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326), Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), and Leases (Topic 842)” (“ASC 2019-10”), which defers the effective date of ASU 2016-13 to fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years, for public entities which meet the definition of a smaller reporting company. The Company will adopt ASU 2016-13 effective January 1, 2023. Management is currently evaluating the effect of the adoption of ASU 2016-13 on the consolidated financial statements. The effect will largely depend on the composition and credit quality of our investment portfolio and the economic conditions at the time of adoption.